There are two main energy-saving measures for the roof. First, the insulation layer of the roof should not use insulation materials with high density and high thermal conductivity to avoid the weight and thickness of the roof. First, the insulation layer of the roof should not be selected with a higher water absorption rate of the insulation material, in order to prevent the roof from wet operation due to the large amount of water absorption of the insulation layer and reduce the insulation effect. If the insulation material with a high water absorption rate is selected, the roof should be set up with exhaust holes to eliminate the water that is not easy to discharge in the insulation layer.
In the south of the house, the use of aerial insulation is also very common. In recent years, the sloping roof has developed rapidly, which is convenient for setting insulation layers. When setting the insulation layer, you can lay nail glass wool felt or rock cotton felt in the slope top, and you can lay insulation materials on the ceiling. You can also spray, blow or directly lay loose materials such as glass wool, rock wool, and expanded perlite as the roof insulation layer. The external insulation materials are rock (mineral) cotton, glass wool felt, polystyrene foam board, ceramic concrete composite polystyrene imitation stone decorative insulation board, and steel wire mesh sandwich wallboard. Among them, polystyrene board has been widely used in external wall insulation and external hanging technology all over the world because of its excellent physical properties and low cost. The external hanging technology uses adhesive mortar or special fixed parts to paste and hang the insulation material on the outer wall, then apply anti-crack mortar, press into the glass fiber mesh cloth to form a protective layer, and finally add a decorative surface. Another approach is to use special fixings to fix various insulation panels that are not easy to absorb water on the outer wall, and then hang aluminum panels, natural stone, colored glass, etc., on the pre-made keel to directly form a decorative surface. This kind of external insulation installation is time-consuming, construction is difficult, and the construction occupies the main period, and the construction can be carried out after the main acceptance. When carrying out high-rise construction, the safety of construction personnel is not easy to be guaranteed.
The application of thermal insulation materials on the roof of foreign civil buildings generally uses more spire roofs and the attic space of the spire is equipped with a channel for air circulation immediately below the roof, which can not only solve the circulation of air but also play a certain role in thermal insulation. At the same time, above the ceiling, it is generally necessary to lay glass wool or mineral wool felt, pad, or directly blow loose thermal insulation wool into this space, and some directly lift the ceiling composed of thermal insulation materials such as glass wool or rock wool and decorative veneers.
